
Chapter
42
道生一,一生二,二生三,三生万物。
万物负阴而抱阳,冲气以为和。
人之所恶,唯孤、寡、不穀,而王公以为称。
故物或损之而益,或益之而损。
人之所教,我亦教之:强梁者不得其死,吾将以为教父。
The Tao produced One; One produced Two; Two produced Three; Three produced all beings.*
All beings carry Yin and bear Yang. Yin and Yang interplay and produce a harmony state.
What men hate is to be orphans, imperfect, devoid of capacity, yet that’s what kings call themselves.
This is why, among human beings, some increase while decreasing; some diminish as they increase.
What the ancestors taught me, I also teach you. Violent and inflexible men do not have a natural death.
I want to take their example as the basis of my instructions.
* How to understand the One, Two and Three in this sentence? some say that One = Taiji (太极), the initial embryo of the universe, Two = Yin and Yang, Three = the generative matrix created by Yin and Yang. This interpretation would be consistent with the concept of Yin and Yang recounted in « Yi Jing » or the «Theory of Change» (the root book of all ancestral Chinese philosophy)